The impact of natural disasters on food security in Bangladesh

Details

Supervisors

Jean-François Maystadt

Faculty

Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales, politiques et de communication

Degree label

Master [120] en sciences économiques, orientation générale, à finalité spécialisée

Abstract

Bangladesh is exceptionally vulnerable to natural disasters, experiencing frequent extreme floods and droughts, seriously affecting agricultural productivity. The 31.9 % of the population is experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity. This study, based on panel data collected in two surveys known as the Bangladesh Climate Change Adaptation Survey (BCCAS) conducted between 2010 and 2012, aims to shed light on the interaction between natural disasters (such as tornadoes, droughts, cyclones, and floods) and food security. Two indicators, namely the Food Consumption Score (FCS) and Household Food Expenditure Share (HFES), are utilized to assess food security. FCS measures food security, while HFES evaluates the vulnerability and food insecurity of households. Additionally, the study explores the role of adaptation by estimating the adaptive impact of the community-based approach. Using household and time-fixed effects, our estimates relate changes in household food security and alterations in the frequency of natural disasters. Cyclones and tornadoes affect food security. Cyclones have a negative impact on food security (FCS), while tornadoes have a positive impact on food insecurity (HFES). Moreover, having at least one family member participate in community groups can reduce the negative impact on food security. It increases FCS and reduces HFES. This study emphasizes the importance of community-based adaptation for addressing vulnerabilities and ensuring future food security in Bangladesh. Community-driven decision-making, education campaigns, and disaster management training programs play a crucial role in enhancing adaptive capacity and resilience to natural disasters. Further research is needed to explore the role of local-level institutions and community organizations in building resilience for effective disaster management.