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The optimal role of biomass in a low-carbon European energy system by 2035

Sepulchre, Antoine ; ViƩrin, Julien
(2023)

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Sepulchre_29251800_ViƩrin_30911800_2023.pdf
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Details

Supervisors
Jeanmart, HervƩ
Faculty
Ecole polytechnique de Louvain
Ecole polytechnique de Louvain
Degree label
Master [120] : ingƩnieur civil en mathƩmatiques appliquƩes, Ơ finalitƩ spƩcialisƩe
Master [120] : ingƩnieur civil mƩcanicien, Ơ finalitƩ spƩcialisƩe
Abstract
The world is currently facing one of its greatest challenges, global warming. To mitigate climate change, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from the energy system need to be reduced. A solution to this issue is to use biomass as source of energy. Therefore, in this study, the goal was to evaluate the optimal role of biomass in a low-carbon Europe by 2035. A data collection was realised for each country, including the energy potentials and the costs of the local biomass resources. This work presents a detailed overview of how biomass would be optimally used in the energy system and also focuses on the optimisation of biomass exchanges across Europe while respecting limited greenhouse gas emissions. The analyses were made with EnergyScope Multi-Cells, a model that optimises energy systems. The research has revealed that the optimal role of biomass would be to cover the local energy demands. Concerning the countries with insufficient renewable potential, imports of biomass can contribute to achieving greater energy neutrality. These exchanges are a more cost-effective solution when the resources are converted into a higher energy-dense commodity.