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In vitro analysis of immunomodulating properties of dental stem cells : A comparative approach to the transcriptome and secretome of four dental stem cells populations

Haulot, Thomas
(2023)

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Haulot358520002023.pdf
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Haulot358520002023Annexe.pdf
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Details

Supervisors
des Rieux, Anne ; Leprince, Julian
Faculty
Faculté de médecine et médecine dentaire
Degree label
Master [180] en médecine, à finalité spécialisée
Abstract
Since several years, the newly discovered immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have interested scientists. Studying those properties allow scientists to better understand immunological processes and to generate a new therapeutic arsenal. The aim of this project was to compare the immunomodulatory properties of different MSC in a pro- inflammatory environment versus their quiescent form. For this purpose, we compared MSC of dental origin : RP89, MSC of the apical papilla (SCAP), of the dental pulp (DPSC) and in a novel way, of pathological dental tissues affected by dental granuloma (Granuloma-derived stem cells). Their properties were compared to adipose tissue stem cells (ADSC), the current gold standard in regenerative therapy. In our research, the presence of immunomodulation was observed in all tested modalities. The enzymatic test carried out showed a statistically significant increase in the activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Transcriptome analysis by real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of two genes (TSG-6 and TGF-β) involved in immunomodulation also showed an increase in TSG-6 mRNA level, similarly between ADSC and dental MSC. No statistical difference was found TGF-β mRNA despite a significant biological upregulation in activated conditions. The study of the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and 10 was allowed by ELISA study. Interestingly, no IL-10 secretion in the supernatant was detected from MSCs contrasting whilst IL-6 was found to be significantly increased in every activated condition supernatant, especially in activated GDSC. In conclusion, this project highlights the non-inferiority of dental MSC of healthy and of pathological origin in terms of in vitro immunomodulation compared to ADSC. Dental MSC, even of pathological origin, could thus complement the arsenal of available MSC and provide unique and promising properties in regenerative and immunological research.