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Effects of Microplastics on Intestinal Health in Danio rerio: An Axenic Model Analysis of the Microbiota’s Role

Marquet, Thomas
(2025)

Files

Marquet_84252200_2025.pdf
  • Open access
  • Adobe PDF
  • 1.01 MB

Details

Supervisors
Kestemont ; Cornet
Faculty
Faculté des sciences
Degree label
Master [120] en biologie des organismes et écologie, à finalité approfondie
Abstract
The extensive use of plastics has led to the accumulation of microplastics (MP) in aquatic environments, raising concerns about their impact on marine ecosystems. This study examines the effects of MP on gut health and microbiota in Danio rerio using an axenic model to isolate the direct effects of MP. Microplastics, composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were administered to Danio rerio larvae under axenic (germ-free) and conventional conditions. The analyses included gene expression (RT-qPCR), histological examination of goblet cells, intestinal motility, locomotor behavior, and blood flow. No significant differences were observed in the expression of genes related to intestinal health and metabolism. However, the density of goblet cells was influenced by the presence of microbiota, with axenic larvae exposed to MP showing a decrease in this density. Axenic larvae also exhibited irregular intestinal contractions, while conventional larvae showed no significant differences. Exposure to MP resulted in an increase in locomotor activity, particularly during the dark phases, suggesting neuronal stress. The presence of microbiota attenuated these effects. No significant differences were observed in blood flow activity, although subtle trends were noted. This study highlights the protective role of microbiota against the effects of MP on gut health and behavior in Danio rerio. The results suggest the need for further research to better understand the interactions between environmental contaminants and microbiota and their long-term implications for aquatic health.