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Determinants of the risk of burnout among nurses during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in Belgium

Khan, Yasmine
(2021)

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Khan_60591500_2021.pdf
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Details

Supervisors
Smith, Pierre
Faculty
Faculté de santé publique
Degree label
Master [120] en sciences de la santé publique, à finalité spécialisée
Abstract
Abstract (wordcount 270) Background: Nurses are a profession at high risk of burnout and this can have negative consequences for them, but also for patients and for the entire healthcare system. However, the Covid-19 pandemic may have changed their working conditions and increased their risk of burnout. This study aimed (1) to estimate the prevalence of burnout risk among nurses during the peak of the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic and (2) to identify risk groups and protective and risk factors. Methods: Data was collected using an online questionnaire for 4 552 nurses in the French-speaking part of Belgium. The risk of burnout was assessed through the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale. Information on sociodemographic and working conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic were also collected. Results: A high risk of burnout was found in 70% of respondents. Two types of risk profiles were identified. The first brought together nurses working in wards with a reduced workload since the pandemic and not caring for Covid-19 patients (e.g. paediatric units). The second brought together nurses working in services with an increased workload and exposed to Covid-19 patients (e.g. intensive care units). The main risk factors of burnout were the lack of personal protective equipment and changes in perceived workload. Conclusions: An uneven workload for nurses is an underlying problem during the Covid-19 pandemic and a significant risk factor for their burnout. Decreased workload with a feeling of worthlessness in caring for Covid-19 patients is a risk factor for burnout as important as increased workload and repeated exposure to Covid-19. Burnout prevention and treatment interventions must target the correct profiles of nurses in order to be cost-effective.