Unfolding Inequality in Latin America: What have we learned?

Details

Supervisors

Guirkinger, Catherine

Faculty

Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales, politiques et de communication

Degree label

Master [60] en sciences économiques, orientation générale

Abstract

This dissertation examines the prevailing dynamics of income and wealth inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the most unequal region of the world. A thorough analysis of its roots, deepness, long term determinants and socio-economic implications is carried out. Special emphasis is given to the period 2002-2014, which constituted the belle époque for inequality reduction in the region, analyzing the policies that led the region during this time. Different mechanisms and specific policy proposals aimed at the generation of equality of opportunity while reducing outcome disparities, are also discussed. Finally, it is concluded that inequality can be curbed if there is enough political willingness, as it has been observed in the past, where social investment on education and health, progressive taxation, inclusive labor policies, and extended social protection systems have played a fundamental role.